I-2 #1324 at the Station c1947

Another Kent Cochrane photo c1947. Of interest is the heavyweight cars with the taller windows, the old NKP brass O&W coaches are a match for some of these cars. Still working on digging a few of them up. Note the baggage car at the end of the train. Once again the wooden baggage car produced by Bethlehem Car Works. They didn't turn the trains in Waterbury, so you can easily spot eastbound trains on the Highland in photos because of this.

Although I haven't mentioned it in the earlier photos, the I-2 was produced in brass by Crown Custom. It's a beautiful locomotive, and veteran New Haven modeler, steam aficionado and very early NHRHTA member John Pryke's favorite brass NH locomotive (other than his scratch-built R-3-a, of course). Both very accurate in its execution and very smooth running, the model was released both with the cab control box, seen on the pilot in this photo, and without. Since the Highland Line did not have a cab control system installed, so both variations are appropriate on the layout. I have one of each and haven't settled on the road numbers to use just yet. The I-2 class was the primary steam locomotive in passenger service on the Highland Line. The smaller I-1 class (which has never been produced as a model), was the second most common, with the I-4 (produced by Crown Custom in brass and, more recently, Broadway Limited) more common as other locomotives were retired. Photos of both to come. All were replaced in passenger service on the Highland by spring 1948 by DERS-1b class (ALCo RS-1) locomotives.

Unlike most of the other steam, this model needs virtually no modifications as the New Haven made very few modifications to this class over their lifetime. A few details stand out under closer scrutiny when compared to the photo of #1300 here. This locomotive has a pilot plow applied, where #1300 did not at the time of that photo. These seem to have been installed as needed, and photos of the same locomotive over time can have it with or without. Also the number board on #1324 has been replaced with a simple painted one, as opposed to the original cast bronze (?) one seen on #1300. Most likely it was stolen. 

Behind the train are Wabash and T&NO single sheathed automobile cars. No road number is visible on the Wabash one, but the Murphy ends place it in one of seven series: 40000-40999, 45000-45399, 45400-45999, 46000-46001, 46002-46699, 46700-46999, 74600-46999; although two of those series (45400-, and 46000-series) had at least some cars delivered with steel doors.

Speedwitch Media had a single-sheathed Wabash automobile car, I don't recall which specific details. I have the F&C version which has the correct Murphy ends for this car. One of the nice things about the Speedwitch version was the etched metal towing staples that are very difficult to see in photos of the cars and were missed by the F&C kits. They'll be easy enough to fabricate, though. 

The T&NO car is also easy to model. It's a Speedwitch Media model of that series of cars, the A-50-4 class built in 1921.

These cars are most likely sitting in the yard waiting to be added to a Hartford to Maybrook freight that evening. The Whiting Street Yard had a concrete unloading ramp suitable for unloading autos, and these would have been unloaded there before being brought up to New Britain Yard as pictured here.

One of the reasons I love this picture, though, is the Dad with his kid looking at the locomotive, next to his tricycle. From when I first saw this picture, I decided that was a perfect scene to model, only to find after an extensive search that there is no HO-scale tricycle available. I was telling a couple of friends about the picture, and Bob mentioned that his daughter Karen would be able to make one. She wasn't a model railroader, but she had picked up a hobby modifying and painting the people on his layout. Several weeks later when I went over to help with the layout, he had a small package for me:

I'm sorry to say that Karen has since passed away, so this scene on the layout will have a more personal connection than just the father and son moment in the photo. Thanks Karen!

Line Poles

Line poles are a prominent feature in photos that just stood out to me. They are also a feature that I think tend to be overlooked on model railroads. Either they aren't present, or not much care is put into their modeling. Like the trackwork, the infrastructure around the railroad is always present, and in every photo you take of that scene. The reality is that you don't have to spend hours on them, you just need to take a closer look at photos and the prototype to better match what you're modeling.

Photos of the Highland Line are fairly easy to pick out due to the number of crossarms on the line poles. Like this Tom McNamara shot at Wooster St. (date unknown) of DERS-2c (RS-3) #554 with what looks like a race special or something as I think that's a diner behind the locomotive.

I've got links to a few sites that I found extremely helpful in understanding line poles (railroad and otherwise). The poles on the left appear to be the same line that runs through New Britain Yard. The ones on the right are consistent along the Highland Line, although you'll note that they aren't running through the center of New Britain. I haven't figured that out. They are definitely railroad line poles.

When looking at pictures of New Britain Yard, you'll notice that the number of crossarms is steadily decreasing over the years. This is less so on the Highland itself, although there is one fewer crossarm on the line on the right than in earlier pictures.

The line poles are also fairly tall. Since I don't know the actual height, I simply mocked up this scene and a line pole and tried them. I also mocked up a couple of other photographs. The original poles were a bit long, so I shortened them until they looked right. The taller height seems to continue through New Britain.

Although it's great to work with specific dimensions, this is also part of the art of modeling. Working with proportions and eyeballing things works very well. You'd be surprised at how good your eye is at estimating things once you have a little practice. In addition to the height, I also worked out a spacing that looked right on the layout. I knew how many poles I needed between Main and Elm streets, I just needed to adjust the spacing to look "right."

I'm using bamboo skewers with Rix crossarms. I clip the poles to length first, although they aren't all the same exact length (for gondola loads I'll be more precise). The bamboo skewers I found are a bit thicker than the Rix poles, but they look about right to me.  I also don't care for the Rix poles because they are notched for 5 crossarms, and I'm using far fewer. The notches are noticeable, particularly in photos. But other than staining the poles first, these techniques will work fine with Rix or any other commercial line poles.

I also experimented with chucking the skewers in my dremel to try to taper them, since the real poles often are. In the end I decided that it was too much work for too little reward.

I stain the poles in a mix of black and brown inks. I started with Micromark Railroad and Bridge Tie Stain, and also added some Citadel black and brown inks to the mix. The last batch (which I was using to stain ties) was weak, so I added some india ink. This primarily colors the top of the poles, and soaks in a little to "dirty up" the pole. The ones in the photo below soaked for at least two days.

After soaking overnight (at least), I dry them off, then use an oil pastel at the bottom of the pole to give a greasy creosote look, and Pan Pastels to weather the rest of the pole. Some are weathered more to a gray shade for variety, as some line poles fade to a very light gray. However, in the era I'm modeling, it appears the poles were replaced more frequently because color photos show them to be a more uniform dark brown.

This photo shows the crossarms being painted on the left, the various Pan Pastels and pastel crayon I'm using, the poles after being stained at the bottom, with others in various states of being colored. 

The crossarms are first painted with my usual choice of Rustoleum Camouflage spray paint. The insulators are painted with a Citadel or Reaper chainmail paint. I also used this for the crossarm supports. This is a silver paint for role-playing game miniatures (like D&D) that has a bit of black in it. I then use Citadel inks, usually green but occasionally blue or yellow, over the chainmail. The inks are transparent and give it that glass-like look. I then use Pan Pastels to weather the crossarm itself.

When attaching the crossarms, I drill a hole through the crossarm and all the way the pole, then mount it with a bit of phosphor bronze wire and CA. The wire acts as a mechanical joint, and also forms a mock bolt. I probably should use a nut-bolt-washer casting, but they are small, and since they are up fairly high I don't think they'll really show in photos anyway.

I drill a hole in the layout to mount the poles and leave the bottom pointy to plant them in the layout. That way they are easily removed, and easy to replace if somebody knocks them over or breaks them.

   
Note the differences in color and weathering. I'm also not concerned about slightly warped poles, as that's not uncommon on the prototype.

I initially intended to string the poles, but this proved impractical. They are along the edge of the layout, and between the mainline and the yard tracks in the yard.  The lines were a combination of too low to reach under, and too high to comfortably reach over. Fortunately, the lines themselves are often nearly invisible in photos of the prototype, but it is one of the compromises I wish I didn't have to make.

Here are a few sites that have more information about line poles that I found during my research:

http://www.annsgarden.com/poles/poles.htm and http://www.annsgarden.com/telecom/start.htm

http://www.railroad.net/forums/viewtopic.php?f=91&t=56145
The final post in this thread has specific recollections of NH line poles.

http://www.the-electric-orphanage.com/
Lots of great info and photos, particularly the section on Railway Line Poles.

Bill Gill sent me another link he's found: http://www.oldgreypole.com.

Also, among other things, Lou Sassi has a great article on detailing line poles in How to Build and Detail Model Railroad Scenes. Of particular note is his technique to add a prototypical sag to the lines. While I determined that I can't really add lines to my poles, straight and taut lines are one of my pet peeves when adding line poles to a model railroad. I find it more distracting than not having lines at all.

DEY-4 (44-tonner) Part III: Modeling

Modeling all four phases of 44-tonner that the New Haven owned is relatively easy. In reality, unless you are modeling the early-'40s, you only need to consider 3 phases.

Phase Ib
This is #0800 in its original configuration and is the subject of the Custom Brass "early version" of the 44-tonner. Of the 239 locomotives built, only 16 were built to this configuration so it was an odd choice for them to select considering GE built 50 of the Phase 1c, or the third most common variation.

W&R also imported this variation.

Phase Ic

W&R Brass imported this version of the locomotive, and it's a very accurate model, other than the placement of the horn which should be in front of the stack on the forward hood.

Phase III

Again, W&R Brass imported this, although the engine intake vents are shaped like the Phase IV locomotives. It's a minor detail, but it's there. However, since this version is very similar to the Phase IV locomotive altogether, I have opted to modify the Bachman model.

I just found out that Keystone also had a Phase III model kit. In the past I've heard they'd done a Phase I of some sort too, but I haven't found any pictures or specific information on them yet.

Brass Trains sold a custom painted and weathered 44-tonner (a W&R model) that has the intakes of the correct size. Probably modified by the modeler.

 

Phase IV

W&R Brass also imported this (along with Sunset Models and Westside Models), and Keystone Locomotive Works (upper right) produced a brass kit with some cast parts like the hood ends and cab; the Bachmann model is the easiest to get and can be made to perform well. My only real complaints about the Bachmann model are the very thick pilot/footboards and windows that appear a bit under-sized.

Modified Bachmann Phase III
I'll start with the Phase III model, which is a modified Bachmann model. While the W&R one is very well done, I haven't actually come across a Phase III one for sale. More importantly, though, I wanted to model the hood hatch covers in an open position. On the brass model they are closed, and would not be easy to modify.

To start with, remove the circuit board and the plastic holder that snaps on top of the chassis itself. You won't need them. I used an ESU Loksound Micro v4 decoder, and two 1/2" speakers from Tony's Trains. I had to file the sides of the speaker enclosures slightly to fit. I haven't installed the lights yet but here's what it looks like using Kapton tape to keep everything in place. As you can see, I've removed the shell a lot on this locomotive (to show people the decoder and sound installation), and the tape isn't sticking that well. It's not essential at this point, but I will point out that the black wires on the left side are slightly damaged from putting on the shell, so make sure they are not getting pinched.

The speakers are facing down through the trucks. My original plan was to have them facing up, through the vents on top of the hood (which I opened up), but that's no longer possible because...

...I also added an additional 3 ounces of weight. This was done with the usual peel-and-stick 1/2 oz weights, one on each side of the cab, and two under each hood.

For details, I added the hatch covers (I have to fix the supports on one of them), made the engine intakes smaller, added drip guards, and also added the stack covers by cutting off a very thin slice from the top of the stacks of another Bachmann shell. The door handles were shaved off and replaced with wire handles.

I also thinned the excessively thick footboard and pilot, and replaced the original uncoupling lever brackets with wire eyebolts. 

Wow, look how different the Warm Orange looks in those three photos! It's the same model folks, sitting in the same place on the layout, just different camera angles.

I plan on replacing the hinges for the hatch, they were actually rounded on the top, and I'll use some of the screen material from a donor shell (that is used on the generator vents) to install behind the engine intakes.

The locomotive performs very well. I just extended Track #5 around the helix, which required a ridiculously steep grade at the end so I could keep it level to that point. This locomotive pushed 9 cars up that grade + the 2% grade of the helix itself - all on a 26" radius curve, of course. Before I added the weight it struggled with 3 cars up the 2% grade.

W&R Phase Ic with Bachmann Chassis

To start, it's important to note that the Bachmann model has used two quite different chassis over the years. The original used two motors. This takes up more space, at a lower weight, and complicates DCC installations since there's no guarantee that the two motors will perform exactly the same. So I only use the single motor chassis.

To make the chassis fit, you need to shorten the coupler box mounting pad on the W&R shell (the modified shell is on the left in the picture above).

The chassis is a tight fit. So tight that you will also need to mill a bit off of the ends, and the side of the ends to clear the radiator shutters which are a part that is soldered in place and thicker than the wall of the hood itself. This is the silver portion of the chassis in the photo.

You also need to add a 0.05" thick spacer to bring the shell up to the correct height. I used strip styrene. I have not experimented with extra weight yet, but I should be able to fit it under each hood like the Bachmann model.

I still need to get speakers for this one. The biggest issue is that the two Ic locomotives will be painted in the delivery scheme of Pullman Green with Deluxe Gold lettering. Unfortunately, there aren't any decals available yet with the correct "New Haven" spelled out on the cab. Everything I can find is too large and doesn't fit. As soon as I get around to having some made I will post a source.

Other than being a little lighter right now, this performs exactly like the other one, as would be expected with the same chassis.

DEY-4 (44-tonner) Part II: Operations

Henry Statkowski pointed out the class designation on the builder's plate: B-B-88/88-4GE733 and that it tells you more about the locomotive:

• B-B is a classification that indicates there are two two-axle trucks, and all of the axles are powered.
• The 4GE733 indicates that there are four GE 733 traction motors.
• The 88/88 took a little research. But I found that the 45-tonner is a B-B-90/90 and the 80-tonner is a B-B 160/160. Then I found a 44-tonner operators manual (which happens to be for Phase III locomotives which started with s/n 18145) and could confirm that the weight of the locomotive was listed as 88,000 lbs.

It would be interesting to see if operator manuals for earlier or later 44-tonners had a different class designation.

Aside from the Extra 2000 South article, there are some other resources for information on the operation and history of the DEY-4 locomotives on the New Haven. Here's the information I have from Engine Assignment Books, New Haven Condemnation records, and a New Haven Mechanical Department document from 1955. There are a some contradictions in these sources.

DEY-4 #809 with NE-5 C-616 at Readville c1951

Engine Assignments

April 24, 1949
0800 - Readville Yard
0801 - Woonsocket Yard
0802 - New Britain Yard
0803 - Brocktown Yard
0804 - Putnam Yard
0805 - New Britain Yard
0806 - Meriden Yard
0807 - Westfield Yard
0808 - South Norwalk Yard
0809 - New Bedford Yard
0810 - New Bedford Yard
0811 - Holyoke Switcher
0812 - Cedar Hill/7:00 AM Manufacturers North End
0813 - Providence Pontiac-Bristol Local
0814 - Norwich Yard
0815 - Taunton Yard
0816 - Fall River Yard
0817 - Oak Point Work Train
0818 - Bridgeport Wire Train

September 25, 1949
0800 - Readville Yard
0801 - Woonsocket Yard
0802 - Meriden Yard
0803 - Brockton Yard
0804 - Putnam Yard
0805 - New Britain Yard
0806 - New Britain Yard
0807 - Holyoke Yard
0808 - South Norwalk Yard
0809 - New Bedford Yard
0810 - New Bedford Yard
0811 - Westfield Road Switcher
0812 - Cedar Hill/7:00 AM Manufacturers North End
0813 - Providence-Bristol Local
0814 - Norwich Yard
0815 - Taunton Yard
0816 - Fall River Yard
0817 - Oak Point Work Train
0818 - Bridgeport Wire Train

October 2, 1950
0800 - Taunton Yard
0801 - Woonsocket Yard
0802 - Meriden Yard
0803 - Brocktown Yard
0804 - Putnam Yard
0805 - New Britain Yard
0806 - New Britain Yard
0807 - Westfield Road Switcher
0808 - Providence Yard
0809 - New Bedford Yard
0810 - Readville Yard
0811 - South Norwalk Yard
0812 - Cedar Hill/7:00 AM Manufacturers North End
0813 - Providence Relief/Spare
0814 - Norwich Yard
0815 - Bridgeport Seaview Ave. R. R.
0816 - New Bedford Yard
0817 - Oak Point Wire Train
0818 - Bridgeport Wire Train

April 27, 1952
0800 - New Bedford Yard
0801 - Providence-Poscoag Local
0802 - Meriden Yard
0803 - Brocktown Yard
0804 - New Britain Yard
0805 - Woonsocket Yard
0806 - Holyoke Yard
0807 - Norwich Yard
0808 - Putnam Yard
0809 - Fall River Yard
0810 - New Britain Yard
0811 - South Norwalk Yard
0812 - Cedar Hill/7:00 AM Manufacturers North End
0813 - Readville Yard
0814 - Providence Shopping Margin
0815 - Cedar Hill Work Train
0816 - Bridgeport Seaview Ave. R. R.
0817 - Bridgeport Relief for Wire Train
0818 - Cedar Hill Work Train

September 28, 1952
0800 - Boston Work Train
0801 - Putnam Yard
0802 - New Britain Yard
0803 - Boston Work Train
0804 - New Britain Yard
0805 - Woonsocket Yard
0806 - Cedar Hill Spare/Shopping Margin
0807 - Norwich Yard
0808 - Providence Shopping Margin
0809 - Boston Spare Shopping Margin
0810 - Meriden Yard
0811 - Providence Work Train
0812 - Cedar Hill/8:00 AM Manufacturers North End
0813 - Readville Yard
0814 - Bridgeport Seaview Ave. R. R.
0815 - South Norwalk Yard
0816 - Holyoke Yard
0817 - Bridgeport Spare/Shopping Margin
0818 - Cedar Hill Work Train

October 30, 1955 (courtesy of Ed Ozog on the NHRHTA forum)
He also posted a great shot of #0813 on the Providence-Poscoag local which also partially answers a question I've had for a while: How many cars can a 44-tonner handle? At least 9, apparently.
I'd also recommend Ed's sites, starting with New Haven Steam Locomotives and don't forget to scroll down on the home page to see a list of his other excellent railroad sites.
0801 - Bridgeport Seaview Ave. R. R.*
0802 - Hartford Shopping Margin
0807 - Woonsocket Yard
0809 - South Norwalk Yard
0810 - New Britain Yard
0811 - Providence Relief
0812 - New Haven Manufacturer R. R.*
0813 - Meriden Yard
0814 - New Haven Jitney*
0815 - Holyoke Yard
0816 - New Britain Yard
0817 - Van Nest Shop
0818 - Norwich Yard

October 28, 1956
0801 - New Haven Manufacturer R. R.*
0802 - New Britain Yard
0807 - Woonsocket Yard
0809 - New Britain Yard
0810 - Meriden Yard
0811 - Norwich Yard
0812 - Bridgeport Seaview Ave. R. R.*
0813 - Hartford Inspection/Relief
0814 - New Haven Inspection/Relief*
0815 - New Haven Jitney
0816 - Cedar Hill Shopping Margin
0817 - Van Nest Shop Switcher
0818 - Providence Inspection Relief

*Equipped with swivel drawbars

Disposition Information (only from New Haven Railroad)
0800 - Sold to Youghiogheny & Ohio Coal Co. (3-19-56)
0801 - Sold to Schiavone Bonanao Corp for scrap c1968
0802 - Sold to Youghiogheny & Ohio Coal Co. (12-24-58)
0803 - Condemned at Readville (12-21-53)
0804 - Sold to Washburn Wire Co. (8-7-53) -although listed as condemned at Meriden (8-31-53)
0805 - Sold to Marquette Cement Co. (9-11-53)
0806 - Sold to Washburn Wire Co. (8-7-53) -although listed as condemned at Meriden (8-31-53)
0807 - Sold to GE (1961) and rebuilt in North Bergen, NJ for Trinidad Government
0808 - Condemned at Providence (12-21-53)
0809 - Sold to Connecticut Co. (1958)
0810 - Sold to GE (1961) and rebuilt in North Bergen, NJ for Trinidad Government
0811 - Sold to GE (1961) and rebuilt in North Bergen, NJ for Trinidad Government
0812 - Scrapped by Penn Central (11/69)
0813 - Sold to New Haven Trap Rock Co./Branford Steam R. R. (1/25/60)
0814 - Sold to Electric Boat Division of General Dynamics (1/23/59)
0815 - Sold to GE (1961) and rebuilt in North Bergen, NJ for Trinidad Government
0816 - Retired c1957, Sold c1959 to Becker Sand & Gravel
0817 - Retired and scrapped by Penn Central 11/69 in Boston
0818 - Sold to GE (1961) and rebuilt in North Bergen, NJ for Trinidad Government

Painting Records 1955
Consult photos for other schemes worn by a given locomotive.
0800 - 401 Green (2-15-54)
0801 - Pullman Green and Warm Orange (6-30-53)
0802 - Pullman Green and Warm Orange (8-10-53)
0807 - Pullman Green and Warm Orange (12-4-52)
0809 - Hunter Green and Warm Orange (7-26-49)
0810 - Pullman Green and Warm Orange (7-2-53)
0811 - Pullman Green and Warm Orange (4-28-52)
0812 - Pullman Green and Warm Orange (6-16-50)
0813 - Pullman Green and Warm Orange (1-19-51)
0814 - Pullman Green and Warm Orange (8-28-52)
0815 - Pullman Green and Warm Orange (11-28-52)
0816 - Pullman Green and Warm Orange (5-1-53)
0817 - 401 Green (11-25-53)
0818 - 401 Green (11-1-54)

DEY-4 (44-Tonner) Part I: Prototype

Sparked by a discussion on the NHRHTA Forum regarding New Haven's 44-tonners, here's some more information.

Henry Statkowski sent me a scan of a builder's plate for locomotive #0812:

You can see the builder's plate on the frame, centered under the cab in this photo of #0807.

Photo taken by Ed Ozog at Charles Street Engine Yard, Providence, May 20, 1956.

I might look into either 3D printing or photo-etching the builders plates. The Build Number and Date are listed on each one, but fortunately this information is available.

The New Haven rostered 4 variations of the GE 44-tonner. Note that the locomotive phases described here are from railroad historians, and not official designations of the builder, although they roughly correspond to different builder's drawings. To the best of my knowledge, the 44-tonner phases were designated by Don Dover in issue #51 (March/April 1975) of Extra 2200 South. He differentiates 5 phases with 10 sub-phases based on appearance. While the phases are mostly chronological, there are some overlaps. For example, the 9 Phase Ib locomotives were built during a period that overlaps the Phase Ia and the Phase Ic locomotives. Phase IIb locomotives were built at the same time as the Phase IIa locomotives.

There is an enormous amount of information on these locomotives in this and the following issue, including a full roster of all 44-tonners built.*

Phase 1b

GE Drawing #PP4747841, 9 built 2/41 - 1/42

#0800: Build #12946 1/16/41

(14th 44-tonner built by GE)

This is the Custom Brass model, a prototype photo of #0800 is in New Haven Power. The main difference between this and the following Phase 1c is the steps. Phase 1b has a single set of steps each side, centered on the walkway in front of the cab door. All later phases has a set of steps on each corner of the frame. The New Haven later reconfigured the frame steps on #0800 as Phase Ic.

As with all of the DEY-4 locomotives except the final two, #0800 was delivered in Pullman Green with Imitation Gold simply spelling out New Haven on the cab, with the road number underneath. Apparently this was never repainted, and was sold to the Youghiogheny & Ohio Coal Co. in Bridgeport on March 19, 1956, and then sold to a Stratford dealer in July, 1971, still in its original scheme and lettered as New Haven #0800.

DEY-4 0802 in New Britain 1949. Photo by Jim Karl.

Phase Ic

GE Drawing #PP4749880, 50 built 7/41-10/42

#0801: Build #13097 9/3/41

#0802: Build #13101 9/12/41

#0803: Build #15025 11/19/41

#0804: Build #15026 11/14/41

#0805: Build #15027 11/26/41

#0806: Build #13100 12/2/41

Note the three small vents on each door on the hood and large radiator shutters at the end of each side. In addition to the door on the nose, there are also sand fill hatches. All of the doors open toward the ends, and there are large generator vents next to the cab. The top of the hood does not have a hatch. Although not visible, the single-chime Wabco A2 horn is centered (from left to right) in front of the stack. The door on the nose is open (or removed?) in this photo.

Phase III

GE Drawing #PP6741126, 34 built 11/43-6/45

#0807: Build #18184 2/9/45

#0808: Build #18185 2/9/45

#0809: Build #18186 2/17/45

#0810: Build #18187 3/1/45

#0811: Build #18188 3/1/45

#0812: Build #18190 3/10/45

#0813: Build #18191 3/10/45

#0814: Build #18192 3/21/45

#0815: Build #27793 3/21/45

#0816: Build #27794 6/4/45

Note the louvered intake on the nose instead of a door. The vents on top of the hood have hinged covers. The radiator shutters have been moved to the nose, and the sand fill hatches relocated to the side at the end. The hood doors are installed in pairs opening in opposite directions. There are small intake vents on the side of the hood above the door closest to the end, and the generator vents are much smaller and between sets of the hood doors. The horn is next to the stack, on the fireman's side.

Phase IVa

GE Drawing #PP6741178, 106 built 3/45-1/49

#0817: Build #29080  12/4/47

#0818: Build #29081  12/4/47

Instead of the vents on top of the hood being protected by doors, the vents had tilting louvres that were controlled from inside the cab. The engine intake vents above the first door are longer, but not as tall as Phase III. Otherwise this is visually identical to the Phase III locomotives.

These two were delivered with Hunter Green cabs and Warm Orange hoods (as shown on the photo of the Phase III #0813 above.)

*The information in the original article was compiled by Allen Copeland and Dan Dover, with help from Ken Ardinger, Ray Corley, John Baskin Harper, Tom Lawson, Tom Nelligan, Joe Strapac, Bill Volkmer, and Raymond L Waye.